Jump to content

Vinyl: more noise, and better too


Colin

Recommended Posts

CDs vs. Vinyl

“At 1 kHz, 0 dB, distortion was 7%. "Wow, that's a lot of distortion," you say. You bet it is, but notice that it is nearly all second order. Also, the noise level contributes to this high number. At best, the noise is 70 dB below the signal, whereas with the CD test, it is more than 100 dB lower.

http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/features/technical-topics/vinyl-vs.-cd---a-running-commentary_7.html

It seems to me - and this is with some of the very best hi-fi components in the world - that one of the most significant reasons vinyl aficionados love the LP sound is that the distortion is very, very much like that in Pure Class A triode single-ended tube amplifiers. There is a lot of distortion, but it is virtually all second order (even-ordered), which is euphonic, meaning that it is pleasing to the ears.”

So this is why I say to plug a CD into an analogue device!

Now, they tell us, just when I have given up on CDs and am looking forward to digital media!

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I really liked this comment on that site:


Another Advantage of LP written by Chabis ben Duvid , June 09, 2008

Play an LP enough times and you get to hear the other side playing backwards at the same time. This saves 50% of the needed listening time. Or, put another way, it allows you to enjoy twice as much music in the time you have.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I wish that there was another word to use for the addition of frequencies to the original waveform other than harmonic "distortion".

The majority of people think of distortion as a buzzy fuzzy sound. Harmonic distortion occurs when the waveform is altered by the operational element in the signal stage - stylus/cartridge (mechanical), gain stages (electrical), speakers (mechanical).

The thing many mistakenly believe is that the harmonic distortion comes from adding the additional frequency components, but in reality what happens is the waveform is slightly deformed as if these frequency components were added. It's not really intuitive, but this is not a distinction without a difference. It's not that additional frequencies are generated by the element but that the deformation characteristic of the element is the same as if these additional frequencies were added.

The shape of the deformation of third harmonic distortion on the upper and lower parts of the waveform are symmetric. Intuitively, many would guess this is the least offensive type of distortion because of the preservation of waveform symmetry. On the other hand, the second harmonic distortion is very offensive looking on the scope because it effects the upper and lower parts of the waveform assymmetrically. It makes the upper part more flatly rounded, but makes the lower part more pointy and extend further down. Intuitively - at first look most would see that and expect a severe impact on the sound.

Yet, second harmonic distortion only adds a whole multiple of 2x to the frequency - an additional perfect octave above component, which all natural sounds already have. The octave is the most consonant interval to the ear. The second harmonic can be up to 10% before it becomes noticable to even an experienced critical music listener.

Third harmonic distortion (3x fundamental freq) adds a fifth in the second octave above the funtamental, but its pitch departs from the tempered scale by +2 cents (very slightly sharp off key). The degree to which this error in pitch is disagreeable to the ear depends on the music and the melodic and harmonic aspects of music composition outside of the deliberate call for a fifth interval based harmony in the particular chord of the progression or phrase.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

"The thing many mistakenly believe is that the harmonic distortion comes from adding the additional frequency components"

Only because it does. Record something that is adding harmonic distortion to the signal. High pass it or notch out the fundamental and the additional frequency components are still there. Notching out the fundamental and measuring the harmonics that are left over are how some distortion meters work.

" - an additional perfect octave above component, which all natural sounds already have."

If so they would of course also be recorded and already be part of the playback.

"The second harmonic can be up to 10% before it becomes noticable to even an experienced critical music listener."

Distortion can be heard much lower then 10%. If it took 10% distortion to become audible then according to the above article there is no difference in sound between a CD and a record player since the record player has less then 10% distortion. Examples to follow....

Shawn

Link to comment
Share on other sites

thanks pauln, I understood the first half, and I got this:

The second harmonic can be up to 10% before it becomes noticable to even an experienced critical music listener.

that is the maximum amount of distortion I look for in a tube amp and now I know why

Link to comment
Share on other sites

New file to listen to. The tone-10% distortion file above was predominatly second order. This file is the same file but with a low pass filter applied at 2681hz and it is a fourth order filter. This is to remove the minor amounts of higher order harmonics in the earlier 10% file so the only harmonic distortion in the file is second order.

10% with lowpass

Shawn

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Only because it does. Record something that is adding harmonic distortion to the signal. High pass it or notch out the fundamental and the additional frequency components are still there. Notching out the fundamental and measuring the harmonics that are left over are how some distortion meters work.

As a demonstration of this this is the original 10% distortion file with a fourth order highpass filter at roughly 1800hz applied. This is removing the fundamental and leaving the add harmonic distortion in place.

10% with high pass filter removing the fundamental

Shawn

Link to comment
Share on other sites

The idea that the second, third etc harmonic distortions are not actually produced in the element, but that rather the effect on the output signal is the same as if these harmonics had been introduced is not my idea. It comes from the US Navy electronics training course NAVPERS 10087-A, 1955.

I'm sure that the observation that up to 10% second harmonic distortion is difficult to discern comes from tests of listening to normal musical program material, not lone test tone sine waves which never appear in music. To me that seems like comparing two very close shades of paint stroked on a blank white canvas. Once the painting is completed and viewed, you really can't tell which one was actually used...

Link to comment
Share on other sites

New file to listen to. The tone-10% distortion file above was predominatly second order. This file is the same file but with a low pass filter applied at 2681hz and it is a fourth order filter. This is to remove the minor amounts of higher order harmonics in the earlier 10% file so the only harmonic distortion in the file is second order.

 

10% with lowpass

 

Shawn 

 

this one ROCKED!!

Link to comment
Share on other sites

thanks for the tones and the patterns Shawn fog, but I am not sure what I just learned, junk cone speakers have enormous quantities of TH distortation, which is why I think we are horn lovers here, but I don't know what is wrong with each of your tones, I only know they are different...

how does this THD compare to CD jitter?

Link to comment
Share on other sites

"The idea that the second, third etc harmonic distortions are not actually produced in the element, but that rather the effect on the output signal is the same as if these harmonics had been introduced is not my idea. It comes from the US Navy electronics training course NAVPERS 10087-A, 1955."



Already demonstrated that if the fundamental is removed the harmonics are still present.



"'m sure that the observation that up to 10% second harmonic distortion is difficult to discern comes from tests of listening to normal musical program material, "



You originally said 10% was barely audible to discriminating critical listeners. I posted two files demonstrating that 10% is plainly obvious. I have the same thing done with music too. Sorry but it was obvious there too. I used the test tones so I could easily verify distortion spectra and do the filtering examples. There are numerous discs out there with distortion tests like what I have posted. Everyone should try them sometime, hearing it live in your system is very different then just reading about it.



Do you have a source or reference for the 10% number with some sort of testing to back it up? For example a few sources are quoted here:



http://www.audioholics.com/education/acoustics-principles/human-hearing-distortion-audibility-part-3



as saying the percentage of audibility of distortion is up to an order of magnitude lower then you claim. It of course also varies by frequency.



And again, if distortion below 10% wasn't audible then that means the original article talking about the differences in sound between a CD and vinyl is totally off base. The article said the second order harmonic distortion on the vinyl rig was euphonic, you are saying it is inaudible because it is below 10%. Is that really what you claim?



FWIW the original article missed some other contributors, FR and interchannel phase response for example. They should also of course look at distortion over a wider frequency range too because the distortion level may vary wildly by frequency since it is a mechanical system.



" test tone sine waves which never appear in music. "



Music is of course made up of nothing but sine waves.


Shawn

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

×
×
  • Create New...